National Parks in India

National Parks in India are discussed here along with the Wildlife Sanctuaries. These are the suitable place for biodiversity conservation. National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries are protected areas declared by Government with the primary objective to preserve wildlife, save flora & fauna and restore the natural ecological balance. There are 103 National Parks and 544 Wildlife Sanctuaries in India. Madhya Pradesh and Andaman & Nicobar Islands have the maximum number of National Parks (9 each). The spectacular natural beauty across the national parks and wildlife sanctuaries in India attracts millions of tourists every year.

National Parks in India: Overview

National park is an area which is strictly reserved for the betterment of the wildlife and biodiversity, and where activities like developmental, forestry, poaching, hunting and grazing on cultivation are not permitted. The government can declare an area as a national park with adequate ecological, geo-morphological and natural significance. In these parks, even private ownership rights are not allowed. Their boundaries are well marked and circumscribed. They are usually small reserves spreading in an area of 100 sq. km. to 500 sq. km. In national parks, the emphasis is on the preservation of a single floral or fauna species. Thanks to India’s biodiversity, there is at least one national park in each state that displays vivid flora and fauna of the region.

National Parks in India: State Wise

Here is the state wise list of National Parks in India.

State/Union Territory	Total Parks	National Parks Name	Establishment Year
Andaman & Nicobar Islands	9	Campbell Bay National Park	1992
		Galathea Bay National Park	1992
		Mahatama Gandhi Marine (Wandoor) National Park	1982
		Middle Button Island National Park	1987
		Mount Harriett National Park	1987
		North Button Island National Park	1987
		Rani Jhansi Marine National Park	1996
		Saddle Peak National Park	1987
		South Button Island National Park	1987
Andhra Pradesh	3	Papikonda National Park	2008
		Rajiv Gandhi (Rameswaram) National Park	2005
		Sri Venkateswara National Park	1989
Arunachal Pradesh	2	Mouling National Park	1986
Arunachal Pradesh	2	Namdapha National Park	1983
Assam	5	Dibru-Saikhowa National Park	1999
		Kaziranga National Park	1974
		Manas National Park	1990
		Nameri National Park	1998
		Rajiv Gandhi Orang National Park	1999
Bihar	1	Valmiki National Park	1989
Chhattisgarh	3	Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park	1981
		Indravati (Kutru) National Park	1982
		Kanger Valley National Park	1982
Goa	1	Mollem National Park	1992
Gujarat	4	Vansda National Park	1979
		Blackbuck (Velavadar) National Park	1976
		Gir National Park	1975
		Marine (Gulf of Kachchh) National Park	1982
Haryana	2	Kalesar National Park	2003
Haryana	2	SultaNational Parkur National Park	1989
Himachal Pradesh	5	Great Himalayan National Park	1984
		Inderkilla National Park	2010
		Khirganga National Park	2010
		Pin Valley National Park	1987
		Simbalbara National Park	2010
Jammu and Kashmir	4	City Forest (Salim Ali) National Park	1992
		Dachigam National Park	1981
		Kishtwar National Park	1981
Jharkhand	1	Betla National Park	1986
Karnataka	5	Anshi National Park	1987
		Bandipur National Park	1974
		Bannerghatta National Park	1974
		Kudremukh National Park	1987
		Nagarahole (Rajiv Gandhi) National Park	1988
Kerala	6	Anamudi Shola National Park	2003
		Eravikulam National Park	1978
		Mathikettan Shola National Park	2003
		Pambadum Shola National Park	2003
		Periyar National Park	1982
		Silent Valley National Park	1984
Madhya Pradesh	9	Bandhavgarh National Park	1968
		Fossil National Park	1983
		Indira Priyadarshini Pench National Park	1975
		Kanha National Park	1955
		Madhav National Park	1959
		Panna National Park	1981
		Sanjay National Park	1981
		Satpura National Park	1981
		Van Vihar National Park	1979
Maharashtra	6	Chandoli National Park	2004
		Gugamal National Park	1975
		Nawegaon National Park	1975
		Pench (Jawaharlal Nehru) National Park	1975
		Sanjay Gandhi (Borivali) National Park	1983
		Tadoba National Park	1955
Manipur	1	Keibul-Lamjao National Park	1977
Meghalaya	2	Balphakram National Park	1985
Meghalaya	2	Nokrek Ridge National Park	1986
Mizoram	2	Murlen National Park	1991
Mizoram	2	Phawngpui Blue Mountain National Park	1992
Nagaland	1	Intanki National Park	1993
Odisha	2	Bhitarkanika National Park	1988
Odisha	2	Simlipal National Park	1980
Rajasthan	5	Mukundra Hills National Park	2006
		Desert National Park	1992
		Keoladeo Ghana National Park	1981
		Ranthambhore National Park	1980
		Sariska National Park	1992
Sikkim	1	Khangchendzonga National Park	1977
Tamil Nadu	5	Guindy National Park	1976
		Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park	1980
		Indira Gandhi (Annamalai) National Park	1989
		Mudumalai National Park	1990
		Mukurthi National Park	1990
Ladakh	1	Hemis National Park	1981
Telangana	3	Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park	1994
		Mahaveer Harina Vanasthali National Park	1994
		Mrugavani National Park	1994
Tripura	2	Clouded Leopard National Park	2007
Tripura	2	Bison (Rajbari) National Park	2007
Uttar Pradesh	1	Dudhwa National Park	1977
Uttarakhand	6	Corbett National Park	1936
		Gangotri National Park	1989
		Govind National Park	1990
		Nanda Devi National Park	1982
		Rajaji National Park	1983
		Valley of Flowers National Park	1982
West Bengal	6	Buxa National Park	1992
		Gorumara National Park	1992
		Jaldapara National Park	2014
		Neora Valley National Park	1986
		Singalila National Park	1986
		Sunderban National Park	1984

List of Indian state animals

States[edit]India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia. It is made up of 28 states and 8 union territories. All Indian states have their own government and the Union territories come under the jurisdiction of the Central Government. As most of the other countries India too has a national emblem—the Lion Capital of Sarnath.

Apart from India's national emblem, each of its States and Union Territories have their own state seals and symbols which include state animals, birds, trees, flowers etc.^[1] A list of state animals of India is given below. See Symbols of Indian states and territories for a complete list of all State characters and seals.


State	Common name	Binomial name	IUCN Category	Notes
Andhra Pradesh	Black buck	Antilope cervicapra	LC^[2]
Arunachal Pradesh	Mithun	Bos frontalis	VU
Assam	One-horned rhinoceros	Rhinoceros unicornis	VU	The state hosts majority (~2000) of Indian rhinos living in the Sub-continent (~2500)
Bihar	Gaur	Bos gaurus^[3]	VU
Chhattisgarh	Wild water buffalo	Bubalus bubalis arnee	EN
Goa	India bison/ Gaur/Gavoredo in Konkani	Bos gaurus	VU
Gujarat	Asiatic lion	Panthera leo persica	EN	Lives exclusively in Gir Forest National Park
Haryana	Blackbuck	Antilope cervicapra	LC^[4]
Himachal Pradesh	Snow leopard	Uncia uncia or Panthera uncia	VU
Jharkhand	Indian elephant	Elephas maximus indicus	EN
Karnataka	Indian elephant	Elephas maximus indicus	EN	Karnataka has the largest number of elephants in India^[5]
Kerala	Indian elephant	Elephas maximus indicus	EN	Elephants are an integral part of Kerala's culture. See Elephants in Kerala Culture
Madhya Pradesh	Barasingha Swamp deer	Rucervus duvaucelii	VU
Maharashtra	Indian giant squirrel	Ratufa indica	LC
Manipur	Sangai	Cervus eldi eldi	EN
Meghalaya	Clouded leopard	Neofelis nebulosa	VU
Mizoram	Himalayan serow	Capricornis thar	NT
Nagaland	Gayal/Mithun	Bos frontalis	VU
Odisha	Sambar	Rusa unicolor	VU
Punjab	Blackbuck	Antilope cervicapra	LC
Rajasthan	Dromedary Camel	Camelus dromedarius	LC
Sikkim	Red panda	Ailurus fulgens	EN
Tamil Nadu	Nilgiri tahr	Nilgiritragus hylocrius	EN
Telangana	Spotted deer	Axis axis	LC
Tripura	Phayre's langur	Trachypithecus phayrei	EN
Uttar Pradesh	Swamp deer	Rucervus duvaucelii	VU
Uttarakhand	Alpine musk deer	Moschus chrysogaster	EN
West Bengal	Fishing Cat	Prionailurus viverrinus	VU

Union territories[edit]

Union territory	Common name	Binomial name	ategory	Notes
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Dugong	Dugong dugon	VU	IUCN C
Chandigarh	Indian Gray Mongoose^[6]	Herpestes edwardsi	LC
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	Not yet designated
Delhi	Nilgai	Boselaphus tragocamelus	LC
Jammu and Kashmir	Kashmir stag/Hangul	Cervus elaphus hanglu	CR	Found in Kashmir Valley and Dachigam National Park
Ladakh	Domestic yak	Bos grunniens	D
Lakshadweep	Butterfly fish	Chaetodon decussatus	NT
Puducherry	Indian palm squirrel	Funambulus palmarum	LC

List of Indian state trees India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia. It is made up of 29 states and 7 union territories. All Indian states have their own government and the Union territories come under the jurisdiction of the Central Government. As most of the other countries India too has a national emblem—the Lion Capital of Sarnath.

Apart from India's national emblem, each of its States and Union Territories have their own state seals and symbols which include state animals, birds, trees, flowers etc.^[1] A list of state trees of India is given below. See Symbols of Indian states and territories for a complete list of all State characters and seals.

States[edit]

State	Common name	Binomial name
Andhra Pradesh	Neem	Azadirachta indica
Arunachal Pradesh	Hollong	Dipterocarpus macrocarpus
Assam	Hollong	Dipterocarpus macrocarpus
Bihar	Sacred fig (Peepal Tree)	Ficus religiosa
Chhattisgarh	Sal	Shorea robusta
Goa	Coconut^[2]	Cocos nucifera
Gujarat	Banyan^[3]	Ficus benghalensis
Haryana	Sacred fig	Ficus religiosa
Himachal Pradesh	Deodar	Cedrus deodara
Jharkhand	Sal	Shorea robusta
Karnataka	Sandalwood	Santalum album
Kerala	Coconut	Cocos nucifera
Madhya Pradesh	Banyan	Ficus benghalensis
Maharashtra	Mango	Mangifera indica
Manipur	Toona	Toona ciliata
Meghalaya	White teak	Gmelina arborea
Mizoram	Iron wood	Mesua ferrea
Nagaland	Alder	Alnus nepalensis
Odisha	Goolar Fig	Ficus racemosa
Punjab	Indian rosewood	Dalbergia sissoo
Rajasthan	Khejri	Prosopis cineraria
Sikkim	Rhododendron	Rhododendron niveum
Tamil Nadu	Palmyra palm	Borassus
Telangana	Jammi	Prosopis cineraria
Tripura	Agar	Aquillaria agallocha
Uttar Pradesh	Ashoka	Saraca asoca
Uttarakhand	Burans	Rhododendron arboreum
West Bengal	Alstonia	Alstonia scholaris ^[4]

Union territories[edit]

Union territory	Common name	Binomial name
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Andaman redwood^[5]	Pterocarpus dalbergioides
Chandigarh	Mango Tree^[6]	Mangifera Indica
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	Not yet designated
Delhi	Flamboyant	Delonix regia
Jammu and Kashmir	Chinar	Platanus orientalis
Ladakh	Not yet designated
Lakshadweep	Bread fruit	Artocarpus altilis
Puducherry	Bael fruit tree	Aegle marmelos